Identification and classification of ongoing WFC efforts
A continuously growing database of finalized, ongoing and newly started WFC activities, both in academia and industry. An initial flowchart of potential interactions can be found here.
¶ Other IEA Tasks of relevance
¶ Task 31 Wakebench: International Wind farm Flow Modelling and Evaluation Framework
- Both Task 31 and Tak 44 have their primary focus on wake interaction between turbines
- Contact: Operating Agent Antonio Ugarte, CENER
¶ Task 32 Wind Lidar Community
- Especially relevant for lidar-assisted control as a part of WFFC & UQ best practices
- Contact: Operating Agents Andrew Clifton, SWE and David Schlipf, WETI – Flensburg University of Applied Sciences
¶ Task 36/51 Forecasting
- Forecast uncertainty quantification and reduction is an integral part of closed-loop control
- With the new extension of the task (as IEA Wind Task 51), minute-scale forecasting is of particular interest
- Contact: Operating Agent Gregor Giebel, DTU
¶ Task 37 Systems Engineering
- Potential systematic optimization, combining wind flow control and layout
- Ontology development (sharing definitions, meta-data, etc.) for better exchange of models & concepts
- Development of (controllable) reference wind power plants
- Contact: Operating Agent Katherine Dykes, DTU
¶ Task 42 Lifetime Extension
- Loads and WFFC
- Contact: Operating Agent Anand Natarajan, DTU
¶ Task 43 Digitalization
- Glossary, including ontology and metadata
- Contact the team to get more information or join their Slack
¶ Task 26 Cost of Wind Energy
- Assess the economic benefits of WFFC as a whole
- Contact: Operating Agent Eric Lantz, NREL
¶ Task 49 Integrated Design of Floating wind arrays (IDeA)
- Reference Floating WPP
- Floating wake models (aero + hydro)
- Contact: Operating Agent Matt.Shields, NREL
¶ Task 51 Forecasting for the weather-driven Energy System
- Gamified probabilistic foreacasts, including wind ppower trading (on complex terrain)
- Series of workshops
- Contact the team to get more information
¶ Relevant EU-funded projects
¶ CL-Windcon (EU H2020, 2016-2019)
- Sedini field experiments (see publications by Bossanyi et al. and Doekemeijer et al.)
- Wind tunnel experiments → open-access (see e.g. Campagnolo et al.)
- LES database with various control settings → open-access (see D1.1 for further details)
- Deliverable D4.2 for WP3 (HW and infrastructure requirements)
- See also list of project results.
¶ TotalControl (EU H2020, 2018-2022)
- Lillgrund experiments (recently completed)
- LES database of Lillgrund → open-access upon request
- LES database of TotalControl Reference WPP (32 x DTU 10 MW) → open-access (further information & download here)
¶ FarmConners (EU H2020, 2019-2022)
- FarmConners benchmark: Power estimation under wake steering, 16 participating codes
- FarmConners Market Showcases: Market & load objectives, 5 participants
- WTC + WPPC + WFFC : Simulink controller → open-access
- Certification & Standardization of WFFC (watch the certification of WFFC workshop)
¶ watereye (EU H2020, 2019-2022)
- Stochastic WF control including optimal O&M (see project deliverable D1.2)
¶ HIPERWIND (EU H2020, 2020-2024)
- Comprehensive assessment and reduction of uncertainties in load assessment for offshore turbines
- Special focus on floating
¶ FLOATECH (EU H2020, 2021-2023)
- Floating Wake Control (within WP4 of the project)
¶ FLOAWER (EU H2020 Marie Słodowska-Curie - International Training Network, 2019 - 2023)
- Floating WTC as a basis for floating WFFC (within WP6 of the project)
¶ AIRE (EU Horizon Europe, 2023 - 2026)
- Effect of different atmospheric and climate conditions, as well as blade damage, on wind farm operation and control
¶ TWAIN (EU Horizon Europe, 2023 - 2027)
- Integration of multi-source and multi-format data of varied nature from wind farms in different life stages
- AI-enabled integration of multi-disciplinary processes and phenomena affecting the wind farm operation
- Integration of multi-objective prospects of WFC to assess the true added value of a certain operation mode
- Integration of multi-level controllers and scenario analyses in decision support provision for harmonious co-existence of wind power plants with their environment and society via optimised operation and design
¶ Relevant nationally-funded projects
¶ SMARTEOLE (French National Research Agency, 2015-2018)
- Field tests for WFFC (see e.g., Duc et al. (2019)[1] & Simley et al. (2021)[2] & Göçmen et al. (2022)[3])
- Can be made available upon request
- Lidar-assisted control
¶ CONFLOWS (Innovate UK & US National Offshore Wind Research & Development Consortium (NOWRDC), 2021-2023)
- Floating Wake models and control
- Economic benefits of floating wake control
¶ Smart Wind (Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, Germany, 2020-2023)
- Predictive maintenance and operational control
¶ Compact Wind I (Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, Germany, 2014-2016)
- First wind tunnel demonstration of wake steering
¶ Compact Wind II (Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, Germany, 2018-2022)
- Field campaign of wake steering on two eno wind turbines equipped with load sensors, lidars and met mast present at the site; field demonstration of wind sensing to detect inflow from blade loads
¶ PowerTracker (Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, Germany, 2021-2024)
- Active power control with combined wake steering and induction, wind tunnel experiments, field test campaign planned
¶ e-TWINS (Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, Germany, 2020-2023)
- load-aware wind farm control with lifetime as a constraint, wind tunnel demonstration
¶ Other National & International Activities
¶ Joint Industry Project (JIP) in WFC (2022-)
- Results from a number of existing experiments analysed consistently
- New WF(F)C tests
- Contact the organization committee for further information and sign-up
¶ AWAKEN (2021- )
- Collaborative international wake observation and validation campaign
- Experiments in US sites
- Open to any interested party
- defining science goals
- contributing to measurements
- sourcing funding
- Contact the organizing committee for further information and joining the mail list
¶ Windstar joint activities
- Gradient based optimization, moving from LES studies to wind tunnel
¶ Commercial Activities/Products
- SGRE Wake Adapt
- Vestas + Microsoft Azure reinforcement learning for WFFC (early stages)
- WindESCo Swarm
- GE PowerUp
- ventodyne dewake
¶ List of References
Duc et al., "Local turbulence parameterization improves the Jensen wake model and its implementation for power optimization of an operating wind farm", Wind Energy Science, 4, 287–302, 2019 ↩︎
Simley et al., "Results from a wake-steering experiment at a commercial wind plant: investigating the wind speed dependence of wake-steering performance", Wind Energy Science, 6, 1427–1453, 2021 ↩︎
Göçmen al., "FarmConners Wind Farm Flow Control Benchmark: Blind Test Results", Wind Energy Science Discussions, 2022 ↩︎